![]() ![]() This lower carbon content also reduces carbide precipitation in the heat-affected zone during welding. A lean austenitic alloy will harden to martensite (which has a brittle tetragonal structure) when it’s deformed.ģ04 stainless steel has a lower carbon content that reduces the risk of sensitization - aka the precipitation of carbides at the grain boundaries that causes susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. Lean alloys are those with less than 20% chromium and 14% nickel, and the leaner the alloy, the less stable the austenitic structure. It is considered to be a lean austenitic alloy, which is the most common type of stainless steel in production. 304 Stainless Steel – Tried & True General Purposeģ04 (S30400) is an austenitic chromium nickel stainless steel touted to be the general purpose stainless steel. Some examples of austenitic stainless steel grades are: 304, 309, 314, 316, 321, and 330. But austenitic stainless steels cannot be hardened through heat treatment. These types of stainless steels are stronger at higher temperatures for longer times than ferritic (body-centered cubic) steels, which makes them easy to weld and form. The chromium helps to improve the corrosion/oxidation resistance and the nickel stabilizes the austenitic face-centered cubic structure. Austenitic stainless steels are alloyed with chromium and nickel and typically have lower levels of carbon. This family of stainless steels are called austenitic because the have a very tough and ductile face-centered cubic structure. Pro-tip: The chromium in stainless steel is what makes it resistant to corrosion - the chromium on the surface reacts with oxygen to form a passive chromium oxide layer that protects the base metal from corrosion.Īustenitic stainless steels are non-magnetic and the most commonly utilized type of stainless steel. Read on to learn more about each grade and tips on selecting one for your next project! There are many grades of stainless steel, but two of the most popular are type 316 and type 304. Just as carbon strengthens iron, the addition of chromium increases steel’s toughness, hardness, and corrosion resistance. Stainless steel (SS) is an alloy that contains at least 10% chromium by weight. Unalloyed iron is soft and has limited uses, but the addition of carbon makes a much stronger and harder material. Steel is an alloy composed primarily of iron and carbon that’s rigid and sturdy, so it’s used for heavy-duty applications like infrastructure, industrial equipment, and tooling for CNC machining.
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